There is a growing interest in cultural heritage preservation. The notion of HyperHeritage highlights the creation of new means of communication for the perception and data processing in cultural heritage. This article presents the Digital Surface HyperHeritage approach, an academic project to identify the topography of art painting surfaces at the scale at which the elementary information of sensorial rendering is contained. High-resolution roughness and imaging measurement tools are then required. The high-resolution digital model of painted surfaces provides a solid foundation for artwork-related information and is a source of many potential opportunities in the fields of identification, conservation, and restoration. It can facilitate the determination of the operations used by the artist in the creative process and allow art historians to define, for instance, the meaning, provenance, or authorship of a masterpiece. The Digital Surface HyperHeritage approach also includes the development of a database for archiving and sharing the topographic signature of a painting.